Installing software on an old Ubuntu version that's no longer supported (2009 Jaunty)

You can use the old-releases url:

http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/

Old-releases includes everything that isn't officially supported anymore. Just replace us.archive and security with old-releases in /etc/apt/sources.list and you should be good to go!

Note that you can also have sources from different versions of Ubuntu in you sources.list file (in fact, in the bad old days updating to the newest release meant manually replacing warty with hoary and running dist-upgrade).

So if you really need to, you can grab newer versions of packages from more recent releases without updating the whole OS.

EDIT: More detailed example. Assuming the file found here is your sources.list file, you could do something like:

$ sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list

Inside VI

:%s/archive/old-releases/g
:%s/cl\.//g
:wq

Use us instead of cl if that's what's in your file.

Then run

$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get upgrade

The first will update your sources based on your edited sources.list file. The second will upgrade all packages on your system to the newest version that Jaunty used before support ended (you'll be asked for confirmation first).

I don't know exactly what the rationale is, but Ubuntu makes it a bit harder to install packages on versions that they no longer support. It seems that Ubuntu is nice enough to continue hosting files for the older versions, but you are on your own to discover how to access those files.

This is managed from /etc/apt/sources.list and additional files under /etc/apt/sources.list.d/. Getting to know the content of these lists is helpful for managing your installable components. Note: This is documented at man sources.list.

Let's say you have something like the following...

deb    http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/   maverick main restricted universe

Notice that this line contains a URL component. The trick is that the line is only a shorthand for the actual URL(s) that are indicated, which in this case, are...

http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/maverick/main/
http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/maverick/restricted/
http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/maverick/universe/

The question is, are these URLs still valid? The answer is no, they no longer exist.

The solution is to identify the defunct lines in your sources.list files and modify them with the updated location -- which in this case is...

deb   http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/   maverick main restricted universe

Note: There are typically multiple entries in sources.list. It may be that not all of them require this type of modification -- so you have to be a bit selective, for example manually checking each entry. The short answer is: replace archive.ubuntu.com with old-releases.ubuntu.com.

After modifying this file, you need to run the following before running apt-get install:

$ sudo apt-get update