Automated Interaction with Google Chrome

I figured it out!

Applescript is a great resource, and chrome has a dictionary (you can view it in the "Applescript Editor" and then select "Open Dictionary" and find Chrome in the list).

The Code:

set screenCount to 8
set screenWidth to 1950
set baseURL to "http://localhost:8000"

tell application "Google Chrome"
    activate
    repeat while window 1 exists
        close window 1
    end repeat
    repeat with x from 1 to screenCount

        set w to make new window with properties {bounds:{screenWidth * (x - 1), 500, 500 + screenWidth * (x - 1), 1000}}
        tell application "System Events" to keystroke "F" using {command down, shift down}
        set URL of active tab of w to (baseURL & "/" & "#" & (x - 1))

    end repeat
end tell

The script does the following:

1. Activate Chrome (either opens it, or if it's open, makes it the focus)
2. Close any open browser windows
3. Create [screenCount] browser windows, opening them at a specific coordinate (the first two terms in the {bounds} are the x,y of the upper left. The second two terms in the {bounds} are the x,y of the lower right)
4. After each browser window is opened, send a "full screen" command (Command + Shift + F)
5. After each browser window is full screened, set the URL to the desired location.

Keep in mind that my URLs fit a specific formula (e.g. http://localhost:8000/#0) so it was easy to dynamically generate them. For anyone with randomly similar needs you can use this as a starting point.

Finally, as for the terminal requirement, you can run applescript on terminal using the following line:

osascript [scriptname]